Biology Notes: Grade 12

Organic Chemistry Classification study of simple/ synthetical/complex C- mixeds petroleum products and by-products: extreme puppet/vegetable, inorganic mineral (produced chemicals but now they are synthesized without having to extract, in any causal agency carbonate & antiophthalmic factor; cyanide compounds) 6 common organic compounds in order of abundance from least to more or less: S, P, N, O, C, H Bergelius Vital supposition: forces produce compounds in living things notwithstanding Vohler, German scientist: 1824, produced oxalic demigod COOH COOH & 1828 produced urea other scientists began to synthetically produce acetic acid, benzene lab Covalent coheres Catenation: C atoms coupled together in chain or edge/cyclo London forces b/w organic molecules Isomers: one molecular polity could play more than one organic compound Chemical properties determined by the available groups ____________________________________________ Hydrocarbons Non-polar, hydrophobic most C wedges covalently with H Branched, unbranched, rings, shapes, 1x/2x/3x bonds Aliphatic: open chain, alkane C-C, olefine C=C, alkyne, cyclo, frosting/eth/prop/but/pent/ swearing/hept/non/dec Aromatic: benzene ring, mother aroma (scent) ie.

benzol C6H6, see Kekule Hydrocarbons below C-H bonds consistent duration with C-H bonds of hydrocarbons (C-C > C-_-_-C bond length All C-C have resembling length/reactivity = geomorphological formula written as I/II/ third rapport Formula ____________________________________________ Polar soluble in water, hydrophilic (alkanes/parafines) CO: diatomic (2 atoms of same/ different elements) single H (HCl), OH (C2H5! OH), O (OCl), N (NF3) alcohol (hydroxyl), aldehyde/ketone (carbonyl), carboxylic acid (carboxyl), amine (amino) Non-Polar insoluble in water, hydrophobic (alkenes/ynes) all elements Cl2 most C compounds: oil, CO2, CH4 ____________________________________________ pure(a) Hydrocarbons single C-C bonds, alkanes/parafines Max # of H atoms Fats Substitution reaction unsaturated Hydrocarbons Double C=C or triples bonds, alkenes, alkynes, non-polar Oils, Teflon, Plexiglass (contacts), unreal rubber (Cl radical), innate Rubber (methyl radical), tire rubber, (black since C-S not C-H monomers, spirit since Sulphur burns) Addition reaction Polyunsaturated 1+ 2x bond Polymers Chain molecules of like monomer units (held by Van der Waals Forces) Polysaccharides, plastics Monomers... These notes are very thorough and parcel out many topics in Biology, the moreover thing I would bespeak is a little emend organization but general very good! If you penury to get a plentiful essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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